System Description (Integrated Brake Control System)系统说明(集成式制动控制系统)

This model adopts an integrated brake control system, which is a highly integrated decoupled electro-hydraulic braking system that can provide advanced control functions such as anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic stability system (ESP), hill assist system (HHC), hydraulic brake assist system (HBA), traction control system (TCS), and electronically controlled brake force distribution (EBD).本车型采用集成式制动控制系统，该系统是一种高度集成化的解耦式电液制动系统，能够提供防抱死制动系统（ABS）、电子稳定系统（ESP）、坡道辅助系统（HHC）、液压制动辅助系统（HBA）、牵引力控制系统（TCS）、电子控制制动力分配（EBD）等高级控制功能。

Anti-lock braking system (ABS)制动防抱死系统（ABS）

The electronically controlled anti-lock braking system (ABS) installed on the car adds an electronic control device to the car's original braking system. Its function is to automatically adjust the wheel braking force during the car's braking process to prevent the wheels from locking, thereby obtaining the best braking performance and greatly improving driving safety.汽车上安装的电子控制防抱死制动系统（ABS），在汽车原有制动系统基础上，增设了电子控制装置，其功能是在汽车制动过程中，自动调节车轮制动力，防止车轮抱死，从而获得最佳制动性能，大大提高行车安全性。

The ABS system consists of an electronic control system to prevent wheel locking and an ordinary braking system. The anti-locking electronic control system consists of sensors, controllers and actuators.ABS系统由防止车轮抱死的电子控制系统和普通制动系统组成，防抱死电子控制系统由传感器、控制器和执行机构组成。

The ABS control device measures the wheel speed through the wheel speed sensor and monitors whether the wheels are locked when the vehicle is braking; under general braking, if the driver's force on the brake pedal is small, the wheels will not lock, the controller has no control signal output, and the ABS system does not take action. During emergency braking or when the wheels are sliding on the ground, the slip rate of each wheel is high and the wheels are locked. At this time, the ABS controller sends a control signal to instruct the actuator to act and adjust the braking force of the brake to prevent the wheels from locking.ABS控制装置通过轮速传感器测出车轮转速，并监视车辆制动时车轮是否抱死；一般制动下，驾驶员踩在制动踏板的力较小，车轮不会抱死，控制器无控制信号输出，ABS系统不产生动作。紧急制动或者车轮在地面滑动制动时，各个车轮的滑移率偏高，车轮被抱死，此时ABS控制器发出控制信号，指令执行机构动作，调整制动器的制动力，防止车轮抱死。

Electronic Stability System (ESP)电子稳定系统（ESP）

The electronic stability system is a new active safety system for vehicles. It is a further expansion of the functions of the vehicle's anti-lock braking system (ABS) and traction control system (TCS). On this basis, it adds a yaw angle sensor, a corner sensor, etc. when the vehicle is turning. It controls the driving force and braking force of the front, rear, left and right wheels through the ESP control unit to ensure the lateral stability of the vehicle.电子稳定系统是车辆新型的主动安全系统，是车辆防抱死制动系统（ABS）和牵引力控制系统（TCS）功能的进一步扩展，并在此基础上，增加了车辆转向行驶时横摆角度传感器、转角传感器等，通过ESP控制单元控制前、后、左、右车轮的驱动力和制动力，确保车辆行驶的侧向稳定性。

The system consists of three parts: sensor, ESP control unit and actuator. The electronic controller monitors the vehicle's operating status and intervenes in the control of the vehicle's drive motor and braking system. The sensors of a typical electronic stability system mainly include: wheel speed sensor, corner sensor, yaw rate sensor, etc. The execution part includes the basic braking system (pipelines and brakes), integrated braking control system, etc. The electronic control unit is linked with the vehicle controller to intervene and adjust the power output.该系统由传感器、ESP控制单元和执行器三大部分组成，通过电子控制器监控车辆运行状态，对车辆的驱动电机及制动系统进行干预控制。典型的电子稳定系统在传感器上主要包括：轮速传感器、转角传感器、横摆角速度传感器等，执行部分则包括基础制动系统（管路和制动器）、集成式制动控制系统等，电子控制单元与整车控制器联动，可对动力输出进行干预和调整。

This system mainly controls the longitudinal and lateral stability of the vehicle. During the driving process of the vehicle, the wheel speed sensor continuously sends the speed signal of each wheel and provides vehicle speed and other information to the vehicle controller; the angle sensor provides the driver's turning direction and angle information; the yaw rate sensor provides vehicle inclination and roll speed information. After receiving the signal, the vehicle controller determines the safe driving status of the vehicle and the driver's control intention, and then issues instructions to adjust the driving torque and wheel braking force of the power system to correct oversteer and understeer. At the same time, the ESP indicator light flashes to remind the driver to correct the vehicle's steering status in real time to avoid vehicle drift, oversteer, understeer and wheel locking, which greatly improves vehicle driving safety and stability.该系统主要对车辆纵向和横向稳定性进行控制，车辆行驶过程中，轮速传感器不断发送各个车轮的速度信号，向整车控制器提供车速等信息；角度传感器提供驾驶员转弯方向和角度信息；横摆角速度传感器提供车辆倾斜度和侧倾速度信息。整车控制器接收信号后，判断车辆安全行车状态及驾驶员的操控意图，然后发出指令调整动力系统的驱动扭矩和车轮制动力，修正过度转向和转向不足，同时通过ESP指示灯闪烁，提醒驾驶员实时修正车辆转向状态，避免车辆甩尾、转向过度、转向不足和车轮抱死，大大提升车辆行驶安全性和稳定性。

When the vehicle is understeer, ESP will instruct the rear brakes on the inside of the bend to brake, and at the same time intervene in the power system to prevent the vehicle from exiting the bend.当车辆处于转向不足时，ESP会指令弯道内侧的后制动器制动，同时对动力系统进行干预，防止车辆驶出弯道。

When the vehicle is oversteer, ESP will instruct the front brakes on the outside of the bend to brake, and at the same time intervene in the power system to prevent the vehicle from drifting.当车辆处于过度转向时，ESP会指令弯道外侧的前制动器制动，同时对动力系统进行干预，防止车辆甩尾。

Hill Hold Assist (HHC)坡道辅助系统（HHC）

Hill Hold Assist System (HHC) is an active safety system with software functions expanded on the basis of the ESP system. It is mainly used to help the driver start smoothly on steep slopes. When the vehicle is stationary, the system uses the longitudinal acceleration sensor to detect whether the vehicle is on a slope. Subsequently, when the vehicle starts from a standstill on a slope and goes up (forward uphill or reverse uphill), the system will automatically enter the working state. When starting, when the driver releases the service brake pedal, the system will maintain the previous brake pressure to ensure that the vehicle still stops. As the driving torque increases, the brake pressure will gradually decrease, so that the parking brake is not required and the vehicle will not roll in the opposite direction.坡道辅助系统（HHC）是在ESP系统基础上进行软件功能扩展而来的一项主动安全系统，主要用来帮助驾驶员在陡坡上顺利起步。当车辆静止后，系统会通过纵向加速度传感器侦测车辆是否在坡道上。随后，车辆在坡道上由静止状态起步向上（前进上坡或倒车上坡）时，系统便会自动进入工作状态。在起步时，当驾驶员松开行车制动踏板后，系统会保持先前的制动压力，从而确保车辆仍然停止，随着驱动扭矩的增加而渐渐减小制动压力，从而实现无需驻车制动，车辆也不会朝反方向溜车的效果。

When starting on a slope, this system prevents the vehicle from rolling backward during the interval between releasing the brake pedal and depressing the accelerator pedal, improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle when starting on a slope.在斜坡起步时，该系统在松开制动踏板，踩下加速踏板的间隔时阻止车辆后溜，提高车辆斜坡起步的安全性和可靠性。

Hydraulic Brake Assist (HBA)液压制动辅助系统（HBA）

Hydraulic Brake Assist (HBA) can assist the driver in emergency braking. It determines whether there is a need for full braking based on how quickly the driver presses the brake pedal. As long as the driver keeps the pedal depressed, the system will automatically increase the braking force until the anti-lock braking system (ABS) activates the critical value. If the driver relaxes the brake pedal, the system will reduce the braking force to the specified value.液压制动辅助系统（HBA）可以帮助驾驶员紧急刹车。它根据驾驶员踩刹车踏板的速度来判断是否存在完全制动的需求。只要驾驶员始终将踏板踩到底，系统就会自动加大制动力直到防抱死制动系统（ABS）的启动临界值。如果驾驶员放松刹车踏板，系统又会降低制动力到规定值。

Traction Control System (TCS)牵引力控制系统（TCS）

The Traction Control System (TCS), also known as the Traction Control System, is an anti-skid control system that determines whether the driving wheel is slipping based on the rotational speed of the driving wheel and the transmission wheel. When the former is greater than the latter, it suppresses the rotational speed of the driving wheel. When a vehicle brakes on a slippery road, the wheels will spin and even cause the vehicle to lose control of direction. Similarly, when the vehicle starts or accelerates sharply, the driving wheels may slip, which may cause the vehicle to lose control and cause danger on slippery roads such as ice and snow. The function of the traction control system is to automatically control the driving force when the vehicle accelerates so that the amount of tire slip is within a reasonable range, thereby maintaining the stability of the vehicle.牵引力控制系统（TCS）即循迹控制系统，是根据驱动轮的转数及传动轮的转数来判定驱动轮是否发生打滑现象，当前者大于后者时，进而抑制驱动轮转速的一种防滑控制系统。车辆在光滑路面制动时，车轮会打滑，甚至使方向失控。同样，车辆在起步或急加速时，驱动轮也有可能打滑，在冰雪等光滑路面上还会使方向失控而出危险。牵引力控制系统的作用是：在车辆加速时自动地控制驱动力，以便使轮胎的滑动量处于合理的范围之内，从而保持车辆行驶的稳定性。

Electronically controlled brake force distribution (EBD)电子控制制动力分配（EBD）

Electronically controlled brake force distribution (EBD) implements reasonable braking force distribution between the front and rear wheels based on driving conditions. When emergency braking occurs, EBD can automatically compare the slip rate of the rear tires based on the front wheel based on the weight of the car body and road conditions before ABS is activated. If it is found that the degree of difference must be adjusted, the electronically controlled brake force distribution system will adjust the oil pressure transmitted to the rear wheels to obtain a more balanced and closer to ideal braking force distribution.电子控制制动力分配（EBD）是根据驾驶状况，实施前轮和后轮之间合理的制动力分配，当发生紧急制动时，EBD在ABS作用之前，可依据车身的重量和路面条件，自动以前轮为基准去比较后轮轮胎的滑动率，如发觉此差异程度必须被调整时，电子控制制动力分配系统将会调整传至后轮的油压，以得到更平衡且更接近理想化的刹车力分布。